Force principle of ball screw Ball screw is a common transmission device, which is often used for linear transmission in mechanical equipment. Its core is the principle of ball screw, that is, the transmission of force is realized by the rolling of the ball between the thread ring and the thread nut. This paper will explain the stress principle of ball screw step by step from shallow to deep.
1. The composition of ball screw Ball screw is mainly composed of thread ring, thread nut and ball. There is an internal thread structure on the thread ring, and the female thread is sleeved on the internal thread and screwed with it. The balls are distributed in the ball channel between the thread ring and the thread nut.
2. The role of the ball The ball is the key component of the ball screw, which forms rolling contact with the thread ring and the thread nut and bears the transmission force. Because the rolling friction of the ball is less than the sliding friction, the ball screw has higher efficiency and less friction loss.
3. Force principle The force principle of the ball screw can be briefly described as: when the thread ring moves relative to the thread nut, the ball is pressed into the ball channel. When an external force acts on the ball screw, the ball bears this external force and converts it into the pressure between the ball and the thread nut. -Because the ball is in rolling state, the rolling friction between the ball and the thread nut is small, thus reducing the transmission resistance of the ball screw.
4. Existing problems and solutions Although ball screws share the advantages of high efficiency and low friction, there are also some problems: one of them is that when the number of balls is limited and the load borne by the balls is large, the number of balls and the beads of the thread mother may be made of more wear-resistant materials. Another problem is that the accuracy of ball screw and the contact pressure between rigid sugar will increase people, which is easy to wear and damage. The solution can be to increase the rolling difference, which is prone to setting difference. The solution can be to improve the manufacturing process and precision control, or to adopt preloading technology to improve the stiffness.
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