Ball screw consists of screw and ball nut, in which the screw is the moving part and the ball nut is the fixed part. The ball nut is equipped with ball, which converts the rotary motion of the screw into linear motion, realizing the accurate positioning and efficient machining of the CNC lathe, and it is an important motion transmission part in the CNC lathe, which can effectively convert the torque of the screw rotation into linear motion. The specific applications of ball screw in CNC machine tools are mainly as follows:
1, axial transmission: ball screw is usually used to control the axial movement of the tool, workpiece table and other components on the CNC machine tool. For example, they are used to control the up and down movement of tools in milling machines and the feed movement of tools in lathes.
2, high-speed movement: due to the high efficiency and high speed characteristics of the ball screw, they are particularly suitable for the need for high-speed movement of CNC machine tools, including high-speed cutting, high-speed feeding and other machining processes.
3, high-precision machining: ball screws can provide high accuracy and repeatability, so they are widely used in CNC machine tools that require high-precision machining, such as CNC lathes, CNC milling machines, etc., for the machining of precision parts.
4, CNC cutting: ball screw is also often used in CNC cutting equipment, such as laser cutting machine, plasma cutting machine, etc., to control the up and down movement of the cutting head, to achieve accurate cutting of the workpiece.
5,Feeding system: the ball screw is one of the core components of the CNC machine tool feeding system, its accuracy and performance directly affect the positioning accuracy and repeatability of the CNC machine tool positioning accuracy, the lead error of the ball screw on the positioning accuracy of the machine tool is more obvious.
6, Sensitivity and positioning accuracy: the use of ball screw can improve the sensitivity of the feed system, positioning accuracy and to prevent creeping, which is essential to ensure that the product machining accuracy and stable machining quality.
So the ball screw as a CNC tooling machine is more commonly used transmission elements, his accuracy is crucial to ensure. If the accuracy of the ball screw decreases, the machine may not be able to achieve the desired results. So how to avoid the ball screw precision decline again? You can refer to the following practices.
When installing the ball screw, ensure its coaxiality with the motor, coupling and other related components. If a high-precision percentage meter is used to detect and adjust the coaxiality of the screw and the motor shaft, the error should generally be controlled within the permissible range, and the coaxiality error is usually required to be less than 0.05 mm. If the coaxiality is not good, the screw will generate additional radial force during rotation, which will accelerate the wear of the ball and raceway, thus affecting the accuracy.
Attention should also be paid to the levelness and perpendicularity of the screw installation. For some high-precision machine tool applications, leveling and perpendicularity errors may need to be kept to a smaller range, such as no more than 0.02mm per meter of length. tools such as a spirit level can be used to assist with adjustments during installation to ensure that the screws are in the correct mounting position.
For long stroke ball screws, it is recommended that the installation method be fixed at both ends. This installation can effectively reduce the axial runout of the screw and improve the axial rigidity of the screw. For example, in the table feeding system of a large CNC milling machine, the ball screw fixed at both ends can better withstand the cutting force and ensure machining accuracy.
In addition, it is necessary to regularly check the state of the components of the ball screw, including the wear of the ball, the surface quality of the raceway, and the loosening of the nut. If serious wear of the ball is found, for example, the diameter of the ball is worn beyond a certain limit, or the raceway has obvious scratches, flaking and other phenomena, the corresponding parts should be replaced in time.
As one of the important parts in CNC lathe, ball screw has the advantages of high precision, high efficiency and long life, so it can be used in all aspects of machine tools. It can not only improve the processing quality and efficiency, but also provide convenience for the machining of various industries.
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