With the development of mechanical manufacturing technology, the number of mechanical equipment is increasing and the scope of use is becoming more and more extensive. In these mechanical devices, bearings are important components to support rotation. By reducing the friction between mechanical motion and motion, it makes the mechanical energy more efficient and the service life longer. In this paper, I will introduce the working principle and types of bearings in detail.
1. Working principle of bearing
Bearing is a kind of supporting element widely used in mechanical manufacturing and industrial fields. It supports the motion of rotating parts by reducing the friction between mechanical motion and motion. Friction here refers to the resistance generated in the process of movement, which will reduce the efficiency of mechanical energy and cause the wear of mechanical parts, and affect the service life of the machine.
Bearings can support both radial and axial movements. The basic components of bearings include inner and outer rings, rolling bodies, cages and sealing parts. The inner and outer rings are the main structure of the bearing, and the rolling elements are responsible for bearing the weight. The role of the cage is to limit and guide the moving direction of the rolling elements, thus ensuring the accuracy and durability of the bearing. Seals are used to protect the inside of the bearing from pollution and prolong the service life of the bearing.
2. Types of bearings
According to the structural types of bearings, they can be divided into rolling bearings and sliding bearings.
Rolling bearing is a kind of bearing with a rolling body as supporting element, which can bear heavy load and high speed. For example, ball bearings, tapered roller bearings and barrel roller bearings all belong to rolling bearings. Among them, ball bearings are suitable for environments with small axial and radial loads. Tapered roller bearings are suitable for bearing a large number of axial and radial loads. Barrel roller bearings are widely used in heavy load, low speed and vibration environments.
Sliding bearing is a kind of bearing that works in sliding mode, which is suitable for mechanical equipment with low load and speed, such as crank shaft and swing rod shaft. Generally speaking, lubricating oil is very important for the work of sliding bearings, which can reduce the wear of bearings and improve their service life.
In addition, according to the different uses of bearings, they can also be divided into deep groove ball bearings, self-aligning bearings, angular contact bearings, bearing units and other types. For example, deep groove ball bearings are widely used in motors, automobile wheels, bicycles, etc. Self-aligning bearings are suitable for a large number of polarized, unbalanced and vibrating environments, and angular contact bearings are often used in high-speed combined machines.
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